Macronutrients
Macronutrients are necessary nutrients that give us calories, or energy. These nutrients are needed in large amounts, especially for those with an active lifestyle. There are 3 macronutrients: carbohydrates, protein and fat. Carbohydrates and protein both provide 4 calories per gram, while fat gives us 9 calories per gram.
As demonstrated in the food pyramid, carbohydrates (mostly associated with grains) are the nutrients we need the most of. They are the body’s main fuel source and can be easily converted into energy. Carbohydrates are used actively by the brain, central nervous system and muscles in order to function. They can also be stored in the body for later use. Protein is another key building block for our bodies. Proteins are used for immune function, growth, tissue repair, hormone and enzyme production, and preserving lean muscle. They are also used as energy when carbohydrates are not available. Though we should watch our fat intake, some of this macronutrient is necessary for our bodies. Fat is used for growth and development, absorbing vitamins, and maintaining cell membranes. Fat is also the most concentrated energy source. It provides an important cushion for organs as well, protecting them from minor damage and the everyday wear and tear we put on our bodies. |
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